![]() ![]() Moreover, the importance of social and communication challenges in ASD was recognized as a core ASD symptom under the heading “Social Communication Difficulties and Interaction” in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual, 5th Edition (DSM 5) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA). Early language abilities and their development predict social functioning, academic achievement, and psychiatric outcome in late childhood and adulthood 9–11 Moreover, the increasing number of evidence from longitudinal studies of young children with and without an ASD indicates that those with impairments in verbal skills are at increased risk for less favourable outcomes later in life. That particular communication impairment is a core feature of autism and one of the most frequent reasons for referral among children who are later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder has been the focus of numerous studies. One of the most common symptoms in the majority of ASD children is issues they face in social communication and the manifestation of difficulties in the integration of verbal and nonverbal communication. The connection between social skills and speech and language development are strong and seems that language and speech development is a result of social developmental processes in the first year of life. Imitation skills of motor patterns also influence the development of sociability and socialization, and has been linked to the development of language skills later in children’s lives. ![]() 5 Research has highlighted the importance of developing joint attention skills and imitation in the development of language production, 6 and other research 7 suggests that children with well-developed joint attention skills end up in having better language skills by age 3–4 years. Joint attention skills hailed as a milestone of socialization by showing us how a human being transforms into an advanced social being. 3 According to researchers Charman et al, 4 joint attention skills observed in the second year of life are closely linked to higher social skills in the future. Relevant research data show that this skill increases gradually as the number of interactions increase. In TD children, joint attention usually emerges around the age of 9 months and it is well developed when the child reaches the age of 12 months, 1, 2 a crucial factor in the development of joint attention is considered to be the interactions with stable and available adults. Joint attention, imitation and play are the first aspects of sociability that have been related to the development of language and communication skills, either in children demonstrating typical development (TD) or in children with developmental disabilities. Willingness and ability for interaction with a communicative partner emerges early in human evolution as a step in social development and before language acquisition or the use of language. Keywords: autism, language, speech, language profiles Finally, the coexistence of ASD with other communication difficulties such as a Language Disorder, Apraxia of Speech, Speech Sound Disorders or/and other neurodevelopmental disorders raises the need for examining more carefully the emergence of new clinical profiles and clinical markers useful in performing differential diagnosis and different intervention. Difficulties with the semantic aspect of language affect the individual’s skills in abstract thinking, multiple meanings of words, concept categorization, and so on. The diversity of profiles in speech and language development stem from either the presence of comorbid factors, as a core symptom of autistic behavior without comorbidity or both, with the development of complex clinical symptoms. ![]() Communication issues vary on a continuum of severity so that some children may be verbal, whereas others remain non-verbal or minimally-verbal. A lot of children with ASD experience communication challenges and strengths across all language sub-systems including pragmatics, grammar, semantics, syntax, phonology, and morphology in both oral and written language, while some children with autism demonstrate exceptional language abilities incl. Research findings confirm the existence of heterogeneity of communication challenges in ASD across the lifespan. 21, Sofia, 1618, Bulgaria, Email Ībstract: The aim of this paper is to provide information regarding diversity in speech and language profiles of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and try to classify these profiles according to the combination of the communication difficulties. Ioannis Vogindroukas, 1 Margarita Stankova, 1 Evripidis-Nikolaos Chelas, 2 Alexandros Proedrou 1ġNew Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria 2Research and Education Institute of Speech Therapy, Ioannina, GreeceĬorrespondence: Ioannis Vogindroukas, New Bulgarian University, Montevideo str. ![]()
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